Hugo Chávez's Venezuela by the Numbers

Brendan Barry 5 March 2013

Hugo Chávez died Tuesday afternoon after a battle with cancer; he was 58. After winning his first election in 1998 he served as president of Venezuela from 1999 until his death—he was briefly removed during a failed coup attempt in 2002. Venezuelans and the international community will debate his legacy for years to come. He all but silenced the opposition, nationalised industries, and appropriated foreign property for the state.

Despite these failings he was elected four times by the Venezuelan public. From the perspective of the voting masses, however, they saw the profits from the drastic increase in oil exports partially invested in social works programmes that helped reduce Venezuela's poverty rates.

These are just a few sets of data that attempt to show that while the diminutive Mr. Chávez's personality was monolithic, his legacy and place in history shall surely be more cause for division. His eventual successor will face significant economic challenges amongst others.

Elected 4 Times

Chávez’s Share of the Vote in Each Election

70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
1998
2000
2006
2012

Poverty Declined

as % of total population

60%
40%
20%
0%
1997
2011

As Did Unemployment

as % of total population

20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
1997
2011

While the Economy Has Grown

GDP PPP per capita

15,000
12,000
9,000
6,000
3,000
0
1980
2012
2002–3 oil strike

It’s More Dependent on Oil

Fuel exports as % of merchandise exports

100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
1980
2011
Missing data

And Inflation is a Problem

%

100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
1980
2012

Sources: CIA World Factbook, National Electoral Council, United Nations, World Bank